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The History of Chocolate

       The words in the table and the sentences in the listening dictation activity below it are based on
       the two chapters in Unit 1 of Active Skills for Reading: Book 2

Click the + sign to see suffixesA suffix is a syllable that changes a word's part of speech. Look at the examples below:
   create = Verb
   creation = Noun
   creative = Adjective
   creatively = Adverb.
It is important to know the parts of speech so that you can use words correctly in sentences.  for the parts of speech below:

Verb [+][-] -ate as in imitate -en as in fatten 0 as in risk

Noun [+][-] -(a)tion as in vacation -ence as in difference -ure as in measure 0 as in damage

Adjective [+][-] -ed/-ing as in damaging -y as in risky -ant as in pleasant -al as in national -ive as in active

Adverb [+][-] -ly as in actively

Can you guess the other word forms in this table? Click inside the brackets [ ... ] to see if you guessed correctly.

Verb	Noun	Adjective	Adverb
	[ ... ]addiction /addict	addicted / [ ... ]addictive
stimulate	[ ... ]stimulant / stimulation	[ ... ]stimulating
decay	[ ... ]decay	[ ... ]decayed
[ ... ]damage	damage	damaged / [ ... ]damaging
[ ... ]risk	risk	[ ... ]risky
protect	[ ... ]protection	[ ... ]protective	[ ... ]protectively
[ ... ]please	pleasure	[ ... ]pleasant	[ ... ]pleasantly
originate	[ ... ]origin	[ ... ] original	[ ... ]originally
		[ ... ]temporary	temporarily
	fat	fat / [ ... ]fattening
combine	[ ... ]combination	[ ... ]combined
	evidence	[ ... ]evident	[ ... ]evidently
[ ... ]participate	[ ... ]participant participation
[ ... ]consume	[ ... ]consumption consumer	[ ... ]consumed
	region	[ ... ]regional
cultivate	[ ... ]cultivation	[ ... ]cultivated

Dictation: Fill in the blanks with the words you hear. Many, but not all, appear in the table above. You can type a question mark in the text field if you cannot write the answer after two attempts.

1.    Chocolate came from the Amazon in South America.

2.    It comes cacao seeds, which are called cocoa .

3.    of chocolate goes as far back as 1000 B.C. Much later the Mayan and Aztec civilizations drank chocolate during important .

4.   The Mayan and Aztec mixed other such as chili peppers with chocolate, which made it very hot and spicy.

5.   The Spaniards, on the other hand, added sugar and vanilla to chocolate.

6.   While cacao is still in Mexico, most of the world's supply of cocoa beans comes from African where of these beans provides nearly 70% of the world's supply.

7.    Some people become to chocolate, but there is little that chocolate addition is to your health.

8.   Chocolate contains and other chemicals that act as a .

9.   While chocolate does contain saturated fat, which can to heart disease, it has other that actually lower the of heart disease.

10.    Studies have shown that chocolate does not cause or tooth . In fact, the cocoa butter in chocolate forms a coating over the teeth.

Content development by Kathleen Hanson, San Jose City College.
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